The 2025 tariff actions present a significant and urgent challenge for the U.S. printing industry. With critical inputs such as unprinted paper—much of which must be imported due to limited domestic capacity—now facing tariffs as high as 25%, printers are absorbing steep increases in material costs. At the same time, printed products such as catalogs, brochures, and trade advertising materials, which are also listed in Annex II, appear to be subject to similar tariffs, but with unclear enforcement and possible disparities depending on import classification or point of origin. This creates a deeply concerning scenario: U.S. printers are penalized for importing raw materials needed for domestic production, while competing against finished printed goods from abroad that may enter the market at lower relative cost. The lack of clarity, consistency, and balance in tariff enforcement risks stifling competitiveness, reducing capacity utilization, and putting thousands of American jobs at risk.